Introduction
Northeast India is rich in water
resources and cultural heritage. Brahmaputra and Barak rivers, fed by glaciers
and tributaries, ensure ample water supply, supporting diverse ecosystems and
communities. We study the interplay between water-related heritage and climate
change, emphasizing need for sustainable practices and preservation.
Water and Heritage
The region has exceptional water
conservation and transportation system. Brahmaputra's waterways facilitated
trade and cultural exchanges. Ahom navy utilized these routes for defense and
commerce. Construction of ponds for drinking water and interconnected water
bodies for flood management, reflect the community’s harmony with nature.
Climate Change Impact
Climate change poses significant
challenges. Melting glaciers in Arunachal Pradesh, Tibet, and Bhutan create
high-altitude lakes that overflow during monsoons, causing severe floods.
Urbanization and encroachment led to degradation of water storage sites,
exacerbating flood impacts. Once thriving water transportation system is now
neglected, many waterways on the brink of destruction.
Community and Conservation
Indigenous communities practiced
sustainable water management. Sonowal community mined gold from rivers, tribes
in Arunachal Pradesh and Naga Hills extracted salt from mountain streams.
Titles like "Arandhara" (explorer of water sources) and "Mati
Cheleka Barua" (water tester) underscore importance of water in community
roles.
Conclusion
Preserving water-related heritage of
northeastern India requires addressing climate change impacts and promoting
sustainable practices. Revitalizing traditional water management systems and
protecting natural reservoirs can mitigate adverse effects of climate change,
ensuring water security and cultural legacy for future generations.
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